Tupicyn S.

Male generative sphere of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in different ecological conditions (Review)

The literature sources presents in the review article, in them are used one of the modern approaches to bioindication environment: evaluation of the male generative sphere. We selected examples relating to plant pollen such as Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Here indicates the main characteristics of the pollen state. We considered the science article, which were investigated the effects of environmental stress like natural or manmade. Shown morphotypes of malformed pollen grains from different science work uses pollen like indicator in bio monitoring studies. The results of scientific research which cited in the review show that the pollen of Scots pine, as well as some other plants, can be used as a bio indicator for evaluating the ecological state of the environment in modern time and in previous historical periods.

Keywords: POLLEN, SCOTS PINE, MALE GENERATIVE SPHERE, POLLEN LIKE BIOINDICATOR, BIOINDICATION, MALFORMED POLLEN GRAIN