|
2017, N 2 (28) |
|
PROCESSES AND MACHINES OF AGROENGINEERING SYSTEMS
|
|
Mardarev S., Mikhailov A., Petrov P., Mityagin D,., Yunkerov A. |
|
|
The functional modeling of machine-tractor units and programs for calculation of their performance indicators |
|
|
In agriculture, as in any other industry, it is impossible to create perfect tillage machinery and develop progressive agricultural techniques to cultivate different crops without a systematic study of physical-mechanical and technological properties of soils. The diversity of soil properties creates certain difficulties in the study and testing of tillage tools. It is therefore extremely important to know the main soil properties that are required in evaluating the performance of the tools or machines, as well as their theoretical generalization. All the properties of the soil vary continuously. The most stable characteristics of the soil on which they classified are the genetic type and mechanical composition.
The most important and basic property of soil is the hardness. According to the GOST 20915 (OST 70.4.1-80), the hardness is an ability of soil to resist crushing (insertion of a solid - deformer). The evaluation of soil hardness is mandatory in testing of tillage machines and regulated by the relevant Standards and industrial standards (GOST and OST). The high hardness of the soil often reduces seed germination, provides a mechanical resistance to the developing root system of crops affecting their growth, and changes water, air and thermal conditions in the soil. Furthermore, the soil hardness is an important technological characteristic of the soil. As tillage machines and tools roll on the surface of the soil, its hardness is revealed as a resistance to compression or pressure and has a great influence on the traction resistance: the greater the hardness, the less traction effort during rolling.
Keywords: HARDNESS OF SOIL, MODEL OF FUNCTIONING OF MTA, POTENTIAL-PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, PRODUCTIVITY, SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION |