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2018, N 1 (31) |
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PLANT GROWING
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Dubrovin N., Bairambekov Sh., Korneva O., Sokolov A. |
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Regulation of the number of phytophagans in irrigated agrocoenosis of the Volga delta |
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As a result of the conducted researches it was established that the number of pests on vegetable solanaceous crops and potato in the soil and climatic conditions of the Volga delta significantly exceeds the economic threshold of harmfulness. The most common pests are: cotton budworm, Colorado beetle, cut worm, wireworms, red spider mite, aphids. A noticeable preventive effect in the pest control against harmful phytophagans is achieved through the attraction of useful entomophages, agrotechnical measures, such as crop rotation, reclaiming, interrow cultivation. However, when the number of pests significantly exceeds the economic threshold of harmfulness, the basis of protection against phytophagans becomes the application of insecticides. Over the long period starting from the 80s years of the last century up to the present time, high performance in the pest control have exerted by insecticides, firstly of organophosphorus compounds, then – synthetic pyrethroids, but after long-term application of these insecticides a resistance to preparations on pests was observed. In recent years, a high protective effect, for a period of three weeks after treatment, was registered due to the use of tank mixture of preparations of a new class of neonicotinoids with pyrethroids. For the pest control over the Solanaceous cultures in the Volga delta, it is required a complex application of different methods: agrotechnical, chemical and biological ones which contribute to the reduction of the economic threshold of harmfulness of phytophagous.
Keywords: PHYTOPHAGAN, ENTOMOPHAGE, INSECTICIDE, PYRETHROIDS, AUBERGINE (Solatium melongena), TOMATO (Lycopersicum), POTATO (Solanum tuberosum) |