2018,    N 1 (31)    

PLANT GROWING

Dudkin D., Pimenova A., Fedyaeva I., Morozova O.

Estimation of efficiency of liquid humic fertilizers as soil meliorants and growth stimulants on podzolic virgin soil of the middle taiga of Western Siberia

The high efficiency of intensive application of artificially received liquid fertilizers in the mechanochemical way on the early vegetable cultures cultivated on virgin podzolic lands of the middle taiga of Western Siberia was shown. The marked increase in yield of carrot at 16-27 %, onion to 118 %, turnip dining room 16-64 %, beet by 50-70 %, leaf lettuces in 2-2.7 times, potatoes by 35-71 % in terms of the virgin podzolic illuvial-ferruginous soil on a medium loamy soil without prior cultivation. It is shown that humic substances can be used in the form of simple, complex and complex liquid humic fertilizers. The practice of using artificially produced humic substances requires taking into account the specifics and needs of cultivated plants to the level of mineral nutrition. The analysis of the influence of the studied humic preparations on the commodity and non-market parts of the crop showed that the main influence is associated with the laying and formation of generative organs. For root crops of early maturation periods, the greatest influence of humic substances on the rhizosphere of plants is noted, which is expressed in an increase in the mass fraction of the commercial part of the crop. Intensive application of humic fertilizers does not have a negative impact on the content of nitrates in root crops. On the example of carrots, the increase in the mass fraction of carotenoids in its root crops as a result of the use of artificially obtained humic substances is shown. The possibility of cultivating virgin podzolic soils by artificially obtained liquid humic fertilizers on the basis of artificially obtained by mechanochemical method humic substances is established. Their action as agroameliorants is expressed in the deoxidation of the arable layer of the soil to a neutral environment, the accumulation of organic matter in the soil, increase the content of mobile forms of mineral nutrition – ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus. It is established that the introduction of artificially obtained mechanochemical method humic substances contributes to the accumulation of soil organic matter in the form of humic substances.

Keywords: HUMIC FERTILIZER, AMELIORANT, A GROWTH STIMULANT, TAIGA, PODZOLIC SOIL, WESTERN SIBERIA, ROOT VEGETABLES, CARROTS, TURNIPS, ONIONS