2018,    N 1 (31)    

ECOLOGY

Rodomanskaya S.

Ecological state of soils of agricultural land of Amur region

The paper provides an analysis of qualitative and quantitative indicators of the ecological state of soils, which change as a result of intensive economic development of the Amur Region. Based on long-term data, it was established that the reduction of humus content is the result of inadequate operation of the facilities for the use organic fertilizers, as well as reducing the area under the sowing of perennial grasses. The results of the agrochemical survey showed that in the agriculture of the Amur Region a negative balance of nutrients forms, and that on farms the area of strongly acidic soils with a pH of 4.5 and lower is 20.6%, medium-sized ones occupy 47.9%, slightly acidic - 31.5 %. In addition, 66.5% of soils have a low and very low content of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium. It was found that the main reason for the increase in acidic soils is unsatisfactory work on liming, and since 2008 its complete absence, which leads to the destruction of structural aggregation of soils and the alienation of calcium. Data on the ecological state of soils are needed when designing a complex of erosion control organization of the territory consisting of a large number of organizational and economic, agro-reclamation, forest melioration and irrigation and drainage measures.

Keywords: FOOD SAFETY, SOIL FERTILITY, DEGRADATION PROCESSES, EROSION OF SOILS, HUMUS CONTENT, BALANCE OF NUTRITIVE SUBSTANCES