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2019, N 1 (35) |
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GENERAL AGRICULTURE, PLANT GROWING
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Borin A., Loshcinina A. |
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Influence of different intensity of tillage systems, fertilizers and herbicides on crop yield |
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The research on sod-podsolic soils typical for the most farms of Ivanovo region was held. Soil treatment was studied in stationary field crop rotation with following crops: bare fallow – winter wheat – oats + clover – clover – winter rye – potato – barley. Four systems of soil treatment were compared: moldboard plowing (commonly used), flat plowing (resource-saving), combined (moldboard plowing, flat plowing) and shallow plowing. While rotation crops were being treated, fertilizers and herbicides were used. Flat plowing and shallow plowing influenced moisture conservation in soil positively. The reserves of productive moisture in the arable layer of the soil on the flat plowing were 1.8 mm, and shallow by 1.4 mm more, compared to the moldboard plowing. More mellow soil construction was in the bare fallow and potato fields whereas greater density was observed in winter crops and clover fields. The greatest construction density was under shallow soil treatment. The same regularity was revealed in identification of soil hardness. More active biological processes took place in the loose soil of bare fallow and potatoes. The impurities of crops with flat and shallow plowing is 1.6 and 1.5 times more than with moldboard plowing. Application of herbicides allowed to reduce the content of impurities at 50,0-80,0%. Fertilizers influenced positively on development of plants. They’ve provided the most solid additional yields. Application of herbicides and tilling methods had a smaller effect.
Keywords: SOIL CULTIVATION, AGROPHYSICS, FERTILIZERS, HERBICIDES, IMPURITIES, CROP YIELD |