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2019, N 4 (38) |
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SELECTION AND SEED-GROWING
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Bessonova L., Maysak G., Fomin D., Vyatkina R. |
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Scientific and organizational basis of seeds production grain crops, legumes and perennial grasses in Permskiy kray |
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The analysis of the state of growing grain crops , leguminous crops, perennial grasses in Permskiy kray are presented.
In the Perm region until 2015 there was an annual decrease in acreage occupied by grain, leguminous crops, perennial grasses, which is due to the low economic level of farms. Since 2016, the acreage has relatively stabilized, but these areas are not enough to increase grain production. The largest share among grain crops is occupied by wheat and barley. Analysis of the production of gross wheat harvest for the period from 2014 to 2018 shows that the volume of production increased by 7 %, and amounted to 147 thousand tons; barley for 2014-2018 averaged 92 thousand tons.; oats-53 thousand tons.
Grain and leguminous crops in 2017-2020 in Permskiy kray are planned to be cultivated on an area of 369 thousand hectares, by planned productivity 16 c / ha. The production of seeds of breeding nurseries, superelites, elites in the Perm Research Institute of Agriculture Perm Federal Research Center Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, were 2014-2018-683 tons of seeds on an area of 450 hectares.
The sown area in Perm region on average for 2014-2018 amounted to 740 thousand hectares of which cereals occupy 243 thousand hectares (33%), perennial grasses - an average of 383 thousand hectares (about 52%). 61 thousand hectares of areas are used for the production of seeds of perennial grasses, of which legumes are cultivated on an area of 50.2 thousand hectares, cereals-10.8 thousand hectares, respectively, 82 % and 18 %
Keywords: SEED GROWING, GRAIN CROPS, LEGUMINOUS CROPS, PERENNIAL GRASSES, VARIETY, VARIETY TESTING, VARIETY CHANGE, PRODUCTIVITY, PERMSKIY KRAY |