Pirakhunova F.N., Abzalov A.A., Abzalova N.A.

The role of complexons in improving photosynthetic indicators and in reducing the falling of fruits of the cotton

The aim of our work was to study the effect of coordination compounds of trace elements on the content of chlorophylls and the change in the optical properties of cotton leaves. Small plot and field experiments were laid down at the experimental site of the Department of Plant Physiology of Tashkent State University, which is located in the Kibray district of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The soil of the experimental plot is typical serozem with deep occurrence of groundwater. The agrotechnics of the experiment is generally accepted, the annual rate of application of nitrogen fertilizers is 250 kg / ha, phosphate-175 kg / ha, potash-125 kg / ha. The repetition of the experiment is fourfold. The pigment content in cotton leaves was determined on an SF-4A type spectrophotometer and was calculated per unit of leaf surface (mg / dm2). By changing environmental factors, one can significantly affect the optical properties of plant leaves. The value of absorption of radiant energy is determined not only by the direct absorption of light by pigments, but also by the secondary absorption of scattered light in the tissues of the sheet. Therefore, the absorption of radiant energy by pigments depends on the dry matter content per unit surface of the sheet and the anatomical structure of the leaf blade. Under the influence of the coordination compounds of the microelements Co-31 and Cu-12, a significant increase in both columnar and spongy cells of cotton leaves is observed. Its exclusion led to a decrease in the number of cells per unit area and columnar and spongy parenchyma. For the first time, we revealed that the coordination compounds of the Co-31 and Cu-12 microelements, increasing the content of chlorophylls, led to a change in morphostructural parameters and the absorption of radiant energy by cotton leaves. Such changes contributed to an increase in the synthesis of chlorophylls and the intensity of photosynthesis, which accordingly led to a decrease in the fall of fruit elements and an increase in the yield of the cotton varieties studied by us. Thus, in order to reduce the fall of fruit elements and, accordingly, increase the cotton yield, it is possible to recommend pre-sowing seed treatment with 03% solutions of Co-31 and Cu-12 in a mixture of diacetate monoetonolomine stimulator, as well as their introduction into the soil of the above chelates in a dose of 0.6-0.8 kg / ha in the budding phase

Keywords:COTTON, LEAVES, CHLOROPHYLL, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, MICROELEMENTS