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2021, № 1 (43) |
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GENERAL AGRICULTURE, PLANT GROWING
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Nizkodubova A.A., Kamenev R.A., Ratnikov R.N., Guzhvin S.A. |
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Efficiency of application of agrochemicals when growing soybeans, no-till technology in conditions of central black earth region of Russia |
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Field experiments to study the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers, a fungicidal seed disinfectant and an inoculant on soy were conducted in 2018-2020 on a typical heavy-loamy chernozem of the production farm "Levoberezhnoye" LLC "EkoNivaAgro", which is in the central part of the Voronezh region. The objects of research were soybean variety OAK Prudence (originator of the University of Guelph, Canada), inoculant Nitragin Zh (Fragaria, Argentina), fungicidal seed disinfectant Delit Pro, CS, pyraclostrobin 200 g/l (BASF, Germany). Mineral fertilizers were represented by ammonium nitrate (34.4%), ammophos (12:52) and diammophos (10:26:26). Soybeans were cultivated using the No-Till direct seeding technology. The sowing of soybeans was carried out with an Amity Single Disc Drill equipped with single-disc coulters with a row spacing of 38 cm. The forecrop of soy was corn for grain. The application of mineral fertilizers was carried out simultaneously with sowing in the row spacing. The yield of soybean grain in the control variant (without the use of agrochemicals) was the highest in the favorable moisture content of 2018, 1.50 t / ha, and almost the same in 2019 and 2020 – 1.24 and 1.23 t/ha, respectively. Average for 2018-2020 the yield of soybean grain in the control variant was 1.32 t / ha. The maximum grain yield was obtained on the variant with the combined use of the inoculant Nitragin Zh and ammonium nitrate at a dose of 200 kg / ha – 2.08 t / ha. The increase compared to the control variant was 0.76 t/ha or 57.0%. The greatest influence on the technological parameters of soybean seeds was exerted by pre-sowing inoculation of seeds and post-sowing application of nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N70. Inoculation provided an increase in the protein content in soy seeds by 4.1%, and the application of N70 by 4.3% in absolute terms compared to the control.
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